PAGES OF HISTORY
Piskunov I. V., Kapustin V. M., Glagoleva O. F. To the 200th Anniversary of the First Industrial Oil Refining in Russia: Conclusions and Lessons
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS: COMPOSITION, PROPERTIES AND APPLICATION
Ways to develop hydrogen production technologies within the framework of the ESG concept DOI: 10.32758/2782-3040-2024-0-2-14-20
Bocharova K. S., Gilyazetdinova A.V., Kozhevnikova Yu. V., Serdyukova E. Yu. (Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (NRU), Moscow)
Keywords: hydrogen energy, hydrogen consumption, hydrogen classification, biomass gasification.
Abstract. The relevance of the article is determined by the development of a new method of industrial production hydrogen from plant biomass. The prerequisites for this technological solution are the high tonnage of wood waste in Russia and an increase in hydrogen production due to the development of hydrogenation processes in the oil refining industry due to stricter environmental requirements for the sulfur content in fuels. The paper presents ways to change the raw material base for hydrogen production and possible engineering solutions for the modernization of the industrial process of its production at oil refineries for the use of plant biomass as raw materials.
Study of bitumen modifier based on low molecular weight rubbers DOI: 10.32758/2782-3040-2024-0-2-22-27
Senchik M.A., Serge-Bertrand Adico, Kapustin V.M., Ulyanovsk A.A. (Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (Scientific Research University), Moscow)
Keywords: bitumen, petroleum bitumen, polymer binders, the effect of rubber crumbs, the use of a new type of modifiers .
Abstract. The issue of road surface quality has always been relevant for Russia, especially in conditions of modern heavy traffic. Conventional asphalt concrete coatings based on bitumen cannot provide the required physical and mechanical properties and durability. However, the use of a new bitumen modifier based on low molecular weight rubbers, containing active substances that change the molecular structure of bitumen, allows to improve its properties, such as penetration, there is an improvement of 30%, frost resistance increases by 10-15 ° C, there is also an increase in the softening temperature of bitumen by 2-5 ° C, the limit increases strength by 10-30%. This leads to the creation of a stronger and more durable road surface. In addition, such a modifier can be used to modify other materials, which allows you to create new materials with improved properties and extend the service life of roads.
PETROCHEMISTRY: TECHNOLOGY, PROCESSES
Features of the use of primary reference fuels used in diesel engine tests at IDT-90 installations DOI: 10.32758/2782-3040-2024-0-2-28-34
G.V. Ivanov (SocTrade Co., LLC, Moscow, Russia)
Keywords. cetane number,cetane engine, primary reference fuel, 1-methylnaphthalene.
Abstract. The features of the implementation of laboratory installations for determining the cetane number of diesel fuel are considered. The problems arising from the use of primary reference fuels of various types are investigated. Methods of solving these problems for installations of the IDT-90 engine are proposed.
PETROCHEMISTRY
Study of the amidation reaction of carboxylic acids and their derivatives DOI: 10.32758/2782-3040-2024-0-2-36-47
G.A. Mirzoyeva, Sh.M. Eyvazova (Azerbaijan Technical University, Baku)
Keywords: carboxylic acids, esters, anhydrides and acid chlorides, aminolysis, amidation, amides, inhibitors.
Abstract. The presented work shows the results of research in the field of studying the amidation reaction of carboxylic acids and their functionally substituted derivatives with various amines. The main patterns of the above reaction are shown, the mechanisms of reactions involving carboxylic acids, as well as their derivatives (esters, anhydrides and acid chlorides) are presented. The main areas of application of the synthesized amide products are considered. It is reported that the reaction of direct amidation of carboxylic acids with amine components can occur in the presence of various catalysts or auxiliary reagents, among which dicyclohexylcarbodimide is most often used. Direct amidation has been shown to be accelerated in the presence of nucleophilic reagents containing a free electron pair. Some features of the amidation reaction involving acid derivatives, in particular esters and acid chlorides, are also shown. It is noted that one of the variants of such reactions is the Schotten-Bauman reaction. The paper also describes the results of the authors’ own research. It is noted that condensation reactions of acid chlorides of some aliphatic, naphthenic and aromatic acids with amines of various structures have been carried out, leading to the formation of mono- and dicarboxyamide derivatives of heterocyclic compounds, such as benzimidazole, benzoxazole and oxadiazepine. The practical properties of the synthesized compounds were studied and it was found that their potassium salts have high biological activity and can be used as a growth stimulator for wheat and pea plants. In addition, it was shown that the resulting amides are corrosion inhibitors and some of them have highly protective effects and can be used in technology as inhibitors.
OIL REFINING: TECHNOLOGY, PROCESSES
Practical recommendations for vacuum distillation column calculation and its residue entrainment impact on vacuum gas oil quality estimation DOI: 10.32758/2782-3040-2024-0-2-48-55
Babynina A. A.1.2, Zyikov A. V.1 (1Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (SRU), Moscow; 2 LLC “Orgneftekhim-IT”, Kazan)
Keywords: vacuum distillation column, residue entrainment, vacuum transfer line, flash zone, non-equilibrium modeling, vacuum column mathematical model
Abstract: The study provides a view on the typical reasons and consequences of the residue entrainment to the gas oil heaviest draw within the vacuum distillation column. The above-stated phenomenon leads to the gas oil coking ability growth, as well as its metals content and draw rate decrease while achieving the definite limits for the heat duty and the critical velocities of the gas phase for vacuum heater and transfer line respectively. Entrainment minimization criteria and its quantitative estimation methods were reviewed in this work. We propose an approach to assess the entrainment impact on the vacuum gas oil quality, developing a non-equilibrium model of vacuum distillation column.
CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OF FUEL AND HIGH-ENERGY SUBSTANCES
The effect of the technology for producing jet fuels on their hydrocarbon composition DOI: 10.32758/2782-3040-2024-0-2-60-65
Lichterova N.M. (FAU «25 State Research Institute of Chemmotology of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation», Moscow, Russia)
Keywords: jet fuels, hydrogenation processes, hydrocracking, hydrocarbon composition, fuel quality.
Abstract. The article presents the results of research on the influence of technology for producing jet fuels on their component and hydrocarbon composition. It has been experimentally proven that the introduction of fuel production into practice modern hydrogenation processes lead to a significant change in the hydrocarbon composition. Fuel samples containing hydrocracking components contain 1.5-2 times more isoparaffinic hydrocarbons, twice as much naphthenic hydrocarbons and a minimum amount (4-6 % by weight.) aromatic. It is established that modern technological processes of fuel production allow to regulate the level of their quality.
CHEMOTOLOGY
Evaluation of the effectiveness of sulfonate additives in lubricating oils DOI: 10.32758/2782-3040-2024-0-2-66-70
Yakimova S.M., Peskovets A.V., Bagdasarov L.N. (Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Moscow, Russia)
Keywords: motor oils, sulfonate additives, sulfonates of various alkalinity
Abstract. The work carried out a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of domestic calcium sulfonates of various alkalinity (150, 300 and 400) in the concentration range of 1-3% by weight in base oils of different nature, but of the same viscosity. The obtained oil samples were subjected to high-temperature oxidation and the physico-chemical properties were determined before and after oxidation, with special attention being paid to the change in acid and base numbers. It was found that isoparaffin base oil is more resistant to thermal degradation compared to poly-α-olefin oil. The results of comparative studies of samples of oils with additives before and after oxidation showed that the optimal concentration of calcium sulfonate, which ensures minimal change in physico-chemical properties after oxidation, is 3% by weight. Moreover, both medium- and ultra-alkaline calcium sulfonate can be used.
OBITUARY
Vladimir Valentinovich Bulatnikov. 16.05.1943–04.01.2024
